{"id":1810,"date":"2020-10-13T17:39:43","date_gmt":"2020-10-13T20:39:43","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/oca.eco.br\/?p=1810"},"modified":"2021-03-12T10:15:48","modified_gmt":"2021-03-12T13:15:48","slug":"mudancas-morfologicas-em-peixes-apos-a-implementacao-da-usina-hidreletrica-de-tucurui","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/oca.eco.br\/en\/mudancas-morfologicas-em-peixes-apos-a-implementacao-da-usina-hidreletrica-de-tucurui\/","title":{"rendered":"Morphological changes in fishes after the Tucuru\u00ed Hydroelectric Power Plant implementation"},"content":{"rendered":"
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After the 1930s, the international scene focused on economic development. Countries considered to be underdeveloped sought to leave this level and achieve development. For this, the natural resources of each country were explored. The hydroelectric power plants idea was encouraged worldwide in the 1930s and 1950s (Oliveira, 2018). Brazil aligned itself with this vision since it had the objective of overcoming backwardness and poverty in the country (Oliveira, 2018). For the Tucuru\u00ed Hydroelectric Power Plant implantation (THPP), located on the Tocantins River (Par\u00e1), the feasibility studies started in 1972 and this was concluded in 1984 (Cintra et al., 2013). <\/span>Source: Gilbert et al.<\/span><\/i>, 2013).<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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Google Earth images of the Tucuru\u00ed Hydroelectric power plant, before (left; December 1984) and after (right; December 2016) the construction of the dam. The scale bar represents ~ 48.3 km (30 miles). <\/span>Source: Gilbert et al.<\/span><\/i>, (2020).<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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The THPP construction generated several morphological changes in the environment. Currently, an area of 3513.29 km\u00b2 is flooded. The THPP presence prevents the migratory flow of fish between the low and the middle Tocantins, in addition to transforming a lotic environment into a lentic one (CBM, 2000), where previously there were shallow rapids of clear water and later became a deep and muddy lake (Gilbert et al., 2020). <\/span>et al.,<\/span><\/i> 2020).<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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In this year of 2020, a study was published on the morphological changes that occurred in several species of fish after the damming of the Tocantins River (Gilbert <\/span>et al.,<\/span><\/i> For this, six species of cichlids (fish of the Cichlidae family) collected in 2018 were compared morphologically with cichlids collected in the same location before or shortly after the closure of the Tucuru\u00ed Hydroelectric Power Plant in 1984.<\/span><\/p>

Changes were observed in two species, Cichla<\/em><\/span> kelberi and Cichla<\/em> pinima<\/span><\/i>. The first developed a \u201cdeep body\u201d, a broader body towards the back and belly than from the mouth to the caudal fin, and a larger mouth. The second was the opposite, where he developed a more elongated body. <\/span>For the species Geophagus neambi<\/span><\/i> and <\/span>Satanoperca jurupari<\/span><\/i>there were changes associated with the head morphology, such as changes in the size and positioning of the eyes, jaw length, skull dimensions, and sizes of the operculum. <\/span>Caquetaia spectabilis<\/span><\/i> and <\/span>Heros efasciatus<\/span><\/i>, also exhibited changes in the body and head morphology. Thus, we observed that, in 36 years, the presence of THPP had an impact on the morphology of the bodies of these fish species, which were forced to adapt to the new type of environment formed.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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Representation of operculum in bony fish. Source: <\/span>https:\/\/exerciciosweb.com.br\/zoologia\/ciclostomados-condrictes-e-osteictes-exercicios\/<\/span><\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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References<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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Cintra, I. H. A., Flexa, C. E., Silva, M. B. D., Ara\u00fajo, M. V. L. F. D., Silva, K. C. D. A. 2013. A pesca no reservat\u00f3rio da usina hidrel\u00e9trica de Tucuru\u00ed, regi\u00e3o Amaz\u00f4nica, Brasil: aspectos biol\u00f3gicos, sociais, econ\u00f4micos e ambientais. <\/span>Acta of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources<\/span><\/i>, 1 (1): 57-78.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

Comiss\u00e3o Mundial de Barragens (CBM). 2000. Usina Hidrel\u00e9trica de Tucuru\u00ed <\/span>(Brasil), RELAT\u00d3RIO FINAL. 297 p.<\/span><\/p>

Gilbert, M. C., Akama, A., Fernandes, C. C., & Albertson, R. C. Rapid morphological change in multiple cichlid ecotypes following the damming of a major clearwater river in brazil. Evolutionary Applications<\/em>, 00:1\u201318. DOI: 10.1111\/eva.13080.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

Oliveira, N. C. C. D. 2018. A grande acelera\u00e7\u00e3o e a constru\u00e7\u00e3o de barragens hidrel\u00e9tricas no Brasil. <\/span>Varia Historia<\/span><\/i>, 34 (65), 315-346.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
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\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Ap\u00f3s a d\u00e9cada de 30, o cen\u00e1rio internacional se focou no desenvolvimento econ\u00f4mico. Os pa\u00edses considerados subdesenvolvidos almejavam sair desse patamar e alcan\u00e7ar o desenvolvimento. Para isso, os recursos naturais de cada pa\u00eds foram explorados. A id\u00e9ia de usinas hidrel\u00e9tricas foi mundialmente incentivada nos 1930 e 1950 (Oliveira, 2018). O Brasil se alinhou a essa[…]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1808,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"zakra_general_container_width":0,"zakra_general_content_width":0,"zakra_general_sidebar_width":0,"zakra_sticky_header":"customizer","zakra_header_main_area":true,"zakra_site_logo_width":0,"zakra_header_top_enabled":"customizer","zakra_header_top_style":"customizer","zakra_primary_menu_item_style":"customizer","zakra_page_header_text_color":"","zakra_page_header_layout":"customizer","zakra_page_title_bg":"","zakra_footer_widgets_bg_image":0,"zakra_page_title_bg_repeat":"customizer","zakra_page_title_bg_position":"customizer","zakra_page_title_bg_size":"customizer","zakra_page_title_bg_attachment":"customizer","zakra_breadcrumbs_enabled":"customizer","zakra_breadcrumbs_text_color":"","zakra_breadcrumbs_separator_color":"","zakra_breadcrumbs_link_color":"","zakra_breadcrumbs_link_hover_color":"","zakra_page_title_bg_image":0,"zakra_footer_widgets_enabled":"customizer","zakra_footer_column_layout_1_style":"customizer","zakra_footer_widgets_bg":"","zakra_footer_widgets_bg_repeat":"customizer","zakra_footer_widgets_bg_position":"customizer","zakra_footer_widgets_bg_size":"customizer","zakra_footer_widgets_bg_attachment":"customizer","zakra_footer_bar_enabled":"customizer","zakra_footer_bar_style":"customizer","zakra_page_container_layout":"customizer","zakra_page_sidebar_layout":"customizer","zakra_remove_content_margin":false,"zakra_sidebar":"customizer","zakra_transparent_header":"customizer","zakra_logo":0,"zakra_main_header_style":"default","zakra_menu_item_color":"","zakra_menu_item_hover_color":"","zakra_menu_item_active_color":"","zakra_menu_active_style":"","zakra_page_header":true,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1810","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-amazonia"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/oca.eco.br\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1810","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/oca.eco.br\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/oca.eco.br\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/oca.eco.br\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/oca.eco.br\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1810"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/oca.eco.br\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1810\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/oca.eco.br\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1808"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/oca.eco.br\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1810"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/oca.eco.br\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1810"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/oca.eco.br\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1810"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}