{"id":3335,"date":"2021-04-16T10:18:23","date_gmt":"2021-04-16T13:18:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/oca.eco.br\/?p=3335"},"modified":"2021-07-08T15:05:11","modified_gmt":"2021-07-08T18:05:11","slug":"os-microplasticos-e-os-organismos","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/oca.eco.br\/pt_br\/os-microplasticos-e-os-organismos\/","title":{"rendered":"Os micropl\u00e1sticos e os organismos"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"3335\" class=\"elementor elementor-3335\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-f0c02d5 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"f0c02d5\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-f706ed9\" data-id=\"f706ed9\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f1f545e elementor-widget elementor-widget-post-info\" data-id=\"f1f545e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"post-info.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul class=\"elementor-inline-items elementor-icon-list-items elementor-post-info\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item elementor-repeater-item-4d68027 elementor-inline-item\" itemprop=\"author\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/oca.eco.br\/pt_br\/author\/lapmar-sites\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"far fa-user-circle\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text elementor-post-info__item elementor-post-info__item--type-author\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-post-info__item-prefix\">D\u00e9bora Rodrigues e<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tlapmar.sites\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item elementor-repeater-item-167523b elementor-inline-item\" itemprop=\"datePublished\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/oca.eco.br\/pt_br\/2021\/04\/16\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-calendar\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text elementor-post-info__item elementor-post-info__item--type-date\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<time>abril 16, 2021<\/time>\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item elementor-repeater-item-3989d08 elementor-inline-item\" itemprop=\"commentCount\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/oca.eco.br\/pt_br\/os-microplasticos-e-os-organismos\/#respond\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"far fa-comment-dots\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text elementor-post-info__item elementor-post-info__item--type-comments\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tSem Coment\u00e1rios\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-e0de28e elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"e0de28e\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-85618d6\" data-id=\"85618d6\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6a11241 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6a11241\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Micropl\u00e1sticos (MPs) s\u00e3o part\u00edculas de pl\u00e1stico com dimens\u00f5es m\u00e1ximas de 5 mm. Esse material \u00e9 distribu\u00eddo em grande escala nos ambientes, chegando a \u00e1reas mais remotas do oceano e se inserindo na cadeia alimentar de muitos organismos em escala global.<\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-9e1cb28 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"9e1cb28\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-b71d3a9\" data-id=\"b71d3a9\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0ada624 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"0ada624\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"719\" height=\"400\" src=\"https:\/\/oca.eco.br\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/oca_1.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-3344\" alt=\"\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0e17fd6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0e17fd6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Figura 1: As variadas formas e tamanhos de microesferas de pl\u00e1stico. Fonte: 5Gyres<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-2cf1aaa elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"2cf1aaa\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-f4606d4\" data-id=\"f4606d4\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c347683 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"c347683\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align: left\">A produ\u00e7\u00e3o mundial de resinas pl\u00e1sticas atinge cerca de 300 milh\u00f5es de toneladas m\u00e9tricas por ano. Estes materiais apresentaram um aumento na produ\u00e7\u00e3o anual de 8,7% entre 1950 e 2012. O PE (polietileno) e PP (polipropileno) s\u00e3o as resinas termopl\u00e1sticas mais abundantes dentre os MPs coletados nos oceanos e regi\u00f5es costeiras.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-d6b6235 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"d6b6235\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-53463c7\" data-id=\"53463c7\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2c3fe55 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2c3fe55\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align: left\">Micropl\u00e1sticos podem ser de origem prim\u00e1ria ou secund\u00e1ria. Os MPs prim\u00e1rios s\u00e3o produzidos industrialmente, como exemplo das microesferas. As microesferas s\u00e3o utilizadas em produtos de higiene pessoal como esfoliantes, creme dental e sabonetes, ou podem ser usados para dar textura a um determinado material. <strong>Contudo, as microesferas podem absorver as toxinas do meio em que est\u00e3o, <\/strong>como pesticidas e poluentes. Ap\u00f3s a ingest\u00e3o deste micropl\u00e1stico por um organismo, as toxinas absorvidas podem ser liberadas para ele.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-553ed88 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"553ed88\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-fbb98f1\" data-id=\"fbb98f1\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3ad7692 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3ad7692\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align: left\">Os MPs de origem secund\u00e1ria s\u00e3o os micropl\u00e1sticos mais abundantes no meio ambiente. S\u00e3o resultado do uso e de degrada\u00e7\u00e3o clim\u00e1tica (sol, chuvas, ondas) de materiais pl\u00e1sticos maiores despejados em ambientes costeiros e no oceano. Em ecossistemas de praias, por exemplo, a degrada\u00e7\u00e3o clim\u00e1tica \u00e9 respons\u00e1vel pela maior fonte de MPs secund\u00e1rios.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-82026cd elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"82026cd\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-204e8b9\" data-id=\"204e8b9\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-77e155a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"77e155a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>A maior parte de MPs s\u00e3o encontrados em regi\u00f5es costeiras pr\u00f3ximas de centros populacionais, com uma estimativa de 270.000 milh\u00f5es de toneladas m\u00e9tricas de micropl\u00e1stico nessas \u00e1reas. Os MPs consumidos por pl\u00e2nctons n\u00e3o est\u00e3o inclu\u00eddos nesta estimativa.\u00a0<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-94e9604 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"94e9604\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-3098a82\" data-id=\"3098a82\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-65b3338 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"65b3338\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align: left\">Os fitopl\u00e2nctons s\u00e3o muito importantes para a cadeia alimentar marinha, uma vez que s\u00e3o os organismos base. A absor\u00e7\u00e3o do micropl\u00e1stico pelo fitopl\u00e2ncton reduz a sua capacidade de fotoss\u00edntese e gera um estresse neste organismo, que n\u00e3o consegue expelir os micropl\u00e1sticos de seu corpo. A diminui\u00e7\u00e3o da fotoss\u00edntese e do n\u00famero de organismos no ambiente pode causar a redu\u00e7\u00e3o de todos os outros organismos seguintes.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-c3ee3e0 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"c3ee3e0\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-d9cc33b\" data-id=\"d9cc33b\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-77d95cd elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"77d95cd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"432\" height=\"318\" src=\"https:\/\/oca.eco.br\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/oca_2.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-3343\" alt=\"\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e814c68 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e814c68\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Figura 2: Part\u00edculas de micropl\u00e1stico florescente ingeridos por 3 esp\u00e9cies distintas de zoopl\u00e2ncton (a) Marenzelleria spp., (b) Bosmina coregoni maritima, (c) Tintinnopsis lobiancoi. Fonte: Set\u00e4l\u00e4, O., Fleming-Lehtinen, V., &amp; Lehtiniemi, M., 2014.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-f0c7073 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"f0c7073\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-4450b9d\" data-id=\"4450b9d\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-dadd3cd elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"dadd3cd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align: left\">A preocupa\u00e7\u00e3o sobre res\u00edduos pl\u00e1sticos nos oceanos se torna cada vez mais significativa ao passar dos anos, especialmente pela ingest\u00e3o de pl\u00e1stico por organismos. No complexo estuarino do Maranh\u00e3o, costa amaz\u00f4nica, foram encontrados fragmentos de pl\u00e1sticos ingeridos pela Hypanus guttatus, conhecida como arraia longa ou raia-lixo.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6086016 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6086016\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-d5248b5\" data-id=\"d5248b5\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-50af6fc elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"50af6fc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"812\" height=\"541\" src=\"https:\/\/oca.eco.br\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/oca_3-1024x682.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-3342\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/oca.eco.br\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/oca_3-1024x682.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/oca.eco.br\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/oca_3.jpg 1298w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 812px) 100vw, 812px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e78a1ec elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e78a1ec\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Figura 3: Exemplo de arraia longa. Fonte: Andy Murch.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-a3639a6 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"a3639a6\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-e60f142\" data-id=\"e60f142\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2a2afcd elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2a2afcd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Durante as an\u00e1lises das subst\u00e2ncias ingeridas, foi poss\u00edvel identificar \u00edndices significativos de MPs presentes nas arraias. A esp\u00e9cie \u00e9 um importante predador de organismos bent\u00f4nicos e bentopel\u00e1gicos costeiros. Como um predador de topo, <strong>esses organismos s\u00e3o suscet\u00edveis a acumular micropl\u00e1stico pela cadeia alimentar por ingest\u00e3o passiva<\/strong>, ou seja, o ato de consumir um organismo que j\u00e1 apresentava micropl\u00e1stico em seu corpo.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-8b0a9de elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"8b0a9de\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-427b4a9\" data-id=\"427b4a9\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5967d12 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5967d12\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align: left\">Em seu estomago foi poss\u00edvel identificar que, do pl\u00e1stico ingerido, 82% eram fibras e os outros 18% eram fragmentos principalmente azuis (47%) ou transparente (35,3%), e em menor por\u00e7\u00f5es, preto (11,8%) e vermelho (5,9%).<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-048eee5 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"048eee5\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-c0fd2b7\" data-id=\"c0fd2b7\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-19adadb elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"19adadb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"531\" height=\"511\" src=\"https:\/\/oca.eco.br\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/oca_4.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-3341\" alt=\"\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3c5ce9c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3c5ce9c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Figura 4: Tr\u00eas categorias distintas de micropl\u00e1stico presentes no est\u00f4mago da arraia longa, Hypannus guttatus, coletado no golf\u00e3o maranhense, sendo: (A) fibra transparente, (B) fibra vermelha, (C) fibra azul, (D) fibra preta, (E) fragmento azul. Fonte: Egado et al. (2021)<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-48355b0 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"48355b0\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-5418082\" data-id=\"5418082\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a2f6757 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a2f6757\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Seis tipos de pol\u00edmeros de MPs tamb\u00e9m foram encontrados nas arraias. O pol\u00edmero mais abundante foi o PET (polietileno tereftalato), muito usado na produ\u00e7\u00e3o t\u00eaxtil, como roupas e len\u00e7\u00f3is. O PET \u00e9 um tipo de micropl\u00e1stico comum no esgoto dom\u00e9stico e, por ser um pol\u00edmero denso, precipita at\u00e9 o fundo dos ambientes aqu\u00e1ticos e pode ser ingerido por organismos bent\u00f4nicos. Outros dois pol\u00edmeros tamb\u00e9m foram observados nas arraias: PE e PA, que podem ter sua origem associada ao material de pesca.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-d9718f1 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"d9718f1\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-a9b80d7\" data-id=\"a9b80d7\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1f410cd elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1f410cd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>O uso e o descarte de produtos pl\u00e1sticos \u00e9 um tema alarmante. Diversos pa\u00edses como o Reino Unido, Fran\u00e7a, EUA e Jap\u00e3o j\u00e1 adotaram medidas de proibi\u00e7\u00e3o ou de redu\u00e7\u00e3o do uso destes compostos. Empresas como a Dove, Unilever, Nestl\u00e9, Tramontina e outras, trabalham para a redu\u00e7\u00e3o do uso de pl\u00e1sticos em geral, ou adotam o uso de pl\u00e1sticos reciclados. Em rela\u00e7\u00e3o as microesferas pl\u00e1sticas, uma das melhores solu\u00e7\u00f5es \u00e9 <strong>n\u00e3o utilizar<\/strong>. Existem diversos materiais org\u00e2nicos ou naturais que podem substituir e ter a mesma fun\u00e7\u00e3o que as microesferas pl\u00e1sticas, como produtos com a\u00e7\u00facar, gr\u00e2nulos de caf\u00e9, aveia, ou minerais vulc\u00e2nicos.<\/p><p>Abaixo temos o v\u00eddeo da NOAA explicando sobre os micropl\u00e1sticos:<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-3a8fc78 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"3a8fc78\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-75da4c5\" data-id=\"75da4c5\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0f5ad28 elementor-widget elementor-widget-video\" data-id=\"0f5ad28\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;youtube_url&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/youtu.be\\\/9GpuyaliPJo&quot;,&quot;video_type&quot;:&quot;youtube&quot;,&quot;controls&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"video.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-wrapper elementor-open-inline\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-video\"><\/div>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-528ea03 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"528ea03\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Fonte: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, https:\/\/oceanservice.noaa.gov\/facts\/microplastics.html<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-b6c9774 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"b6c9774\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-41b75d4\" data-id=\"41b75d4\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9d1f66d elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"9d1f66d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Refer\u00eancias<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-8bcc493 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"8bcc493\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-1fef5c1\" data-id=\"1fef5c1\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bed41c5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"bed41c5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Anagnosti, L., Varvaresou, A., Pavlou, P., Protopapa, E., &amp; Carayanni, V., 2021. Worldwide actions against plastic pollution from microbeads and microplastics in cosmetics focusing on European policies. Has the issue been handled effectively?.\u00a0<em>Marine Pollution Bulletin<\/em>,\u00a0<em>162<\/em>, 111883. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/S0269749113005411\">https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/S0269749113005411<\/a><\/p><p>Andrady, A. L., 2014. The plastic in microplastics: A review. <em>Marine Pollution Bulletin 119 (2017) 12\u201322.<\/em> <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2017.01.082\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2017.01.082<\/a><\/p><p>Anderson, A., Baker, J. E., Andrady, A. L., Bouwman H., 2015. Sources, fate, and effects of microplastics in the marine environment: a global assessment. Rep. Stud. GESAMP No. 90, 96 p. <a href=\"https:\/\/ec.europa.eu\/environment\/marine\/good-environmental-status\/descriptor-10\/pdf\/GESAMP_microplastics%20full%20study.pdf\">https:\/\/ec.europa.eu\/environment\/marine\/good-environmental-status\/descriptor-10\/pdf\/GESAMP_microplastics%20full%20study.pdf<\/a><\/p><p>Covernton, G. A., Cox, K. 2019. Commentary on: Abundance and distribution of microplastics within surface sediments of a key shellfish growing region of Canada, <em>Plos One <\/em>14(12): e0225945<em>.<\/em> <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0225945\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0225945<\/a><\/p><p>Egado, T., Brabo, L., Schmid, K., Sarti, F., Gava, T. T., Nunes, J., Chelazzi, D., Cincinelli, A., Giarrizzo, T. Ingestion of microplastics by Hypanus guttatus stingrays in the Western Atlantic Ocean (Brazilian Amazon Coast).\u00a0<em>Marine Pollution Bulletin<\/em>,\u00a0<em>162<\/em>, 111799. 2021. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2020.111799\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2020.111799<\/a><\/p><p>Gazulha. V, O efeito do micropl\u00e1stico no zoopl\u00e2ncton marinho. Dispon\u00edvel em: <a href=\"http:\/\/www.vgconsultoriaambiental.com.br\/o-efeito-dos-microplasticos-no-zooplancton-marinho\/\">www.vgconsultoriaambiental.com.br\/o-efeito-dos-microplasticos-no-zooplancton-marinho\/<\/a>.<\/p><p>Set\u00e4l\u00e4, O., Fleming-Lehtinen, V., &amp; Lehtiniemi, M. Ingestion and transfer of microplastics in the planktonic food web. <em>Environmental Pollution<\/em>, 185, 77\u201383, 2014.\u00a0 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/S0269749113005411\">https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/S0269749113005411<\/a><\/p><p>Empresas que lutam contra o pl\u00e1stico: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.consumidormoderno.com.br\/2019\/10\/24\/13-iniciativas-de-grandes-empresas-na-luta-contra-o-uso-de-plastico\/\">https:\/\/www.consumidormoderno.com.br\/2019\/10\/24\/13-iniciativas-de-grandes-empresas-na-luta-contra-o-uso-de-plastico\/<\/a><\/p><p>Materiais que podem substituir as microesferas pl\u00e1sticas: <a href=\"https:\/\/redandhoney.com\/replace-microbeads-natural-exfoliatiors\/\">https:\/\/redandhoney.com\/replace-microbeads-natural-exfoliatiors\/<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Micropl\u00e1sticos (MPs) s\u00e3o part\u00edculas de pl\u00e1stico com dimens\u00f5es m\u00e1ximas de 5 mm. Esse material \u00e9 distribu\u00eddo em grande escala nos ambientes, chegando a \u00e1reas mais remotas do oceano e se inserindo na cadeia alimentar de muitos organismos em escala global. Figura 1: As variadas formas e tamanhos de microesferas de pl\u00e1stico. Fonte: 5Gyres A produ\u00e7\u00e3o[&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3344,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"zakra_general_container_width":0,"zakra_general_content_width":0,"zakra_general_sidebar_width":0,"zakra_sticky_header":"customizer","zakra_header_main_area":true,"zakra_site_logo_width":0,"zakra_header_top_enabled":"customizer","zakra_header_top_style":"customizer","zakra_primary_menu_item_style":"customizer","zakra_page_header_text_color":"","zakra_page_header_layout":"customizer","zakra_page_title_bg":"","zakra_footer_widgets_bg_image":0,"zakra_page_title_bg_repeat":"customizer","zakra_page_title_bg_position":"customizer","zakra_page_title_bg_size":"customizer","zakra_page_title_bg_attachment":"customizer","zakra_breadcrumbs_enabled":"customizer","zakra_breadcrumbs_text_color":"","zakra_breadcrumbs_separator_color":"","zakra_breadcrumbs_link_color":"","zakra_breadcrumbs_link_hover_color":"","zakra_page_title_bg_image":0,"zakra_footer_widgets_enabled":"customizer","zakra_footer_column_layout_1_style":"customizer","zakra_footer_widgets_bg":"","zakra_footer_widgets_bg_repeat":"customizer","zakra_footer_widgets_bg_position":"customizer","zakra_footer_widgets_bg_size":"customizer","zakra_footer_widgets_bg_attachment":"customizer","zakra_footer_bar_enabled":"customizer","zakra_footer_bar_style":"customizer","zakra_page_container_layout":"customizer","zakra_page_sidebar_layout":"customizer","zakra_remove_content_margin":false,"zakra_sidebar":"customizer","zakra_transparent_header":"customizer","zakra_logo":0,"zakra_main_header_style":"default","zakra_menu_item_color":"","zakra_menu_item_hover_color":"","zakra_menu_item_active_color":"","zakra_menu_active_style":"","zakra_page_header":true,"footnotes":""},"categories":[38],"tags":[86],"class_list":["post-3335","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-plastico","tag-microplastico"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/oca.eco.br\/pt_br\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3335","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/oca.eco.br\/pt_br\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/oca.eco.br\/pt_br\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/oca.eco.br\/pt_br\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/oca.eco.br\/pt_br\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3335"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/oca.eco.br\/pt_br\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3335\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/oca.eco.br\/pt_br\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3344"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/oca.eco.br\/pt_br\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3335"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/oca.eco.br\/pt_br\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3335"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/oca.eco.br\/pt_br\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3335"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}